Renfer A., 1975: Biological characteristics of Phytodietus griseanae (Hym., Ichneumonidae) parasitoid of the grey leaf-roller moth of Larch, Zeiraphera didiana (Lep., Tortricidae) in high mountain. 31 pp. (in French). [52875] Annales de la Societe entomologique de France (N.S.) 11(3): 425-455.

 Rezende M. A. A., Cruz I., Lucia T. M. C. D., 1995: Aspectos biológicos do parasitóide Chelonus insularis (Cresson) (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) criados em ovos de Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). 6 pp. Revta bras. Zool. 12(4): 779-784.

 Richards O. W., 1933: Hymenopterous parasites of adult beetles. 2 pp. 

 Riek E. F., 1962: A trigonalid wasp (Hymenoptera, Trigonalidae) from an anthelid cocoon (Lepidoptera, Anthelidae). 3 pp. 

 Rohdendorf B. B., 1947: Kratkoe posobie dlja opredelenija dvukrylych parazitov vrednoj čerenaški i drugich klopov Pentatomidae. 14 pp. 

 Rojas M. de, Úbeda J. M., Guevara D. C., Ariza C., 1993: Estudio de cinco especies de ácaros plumícolas del género Proctophyllodes Robin, 1877 (Acarina, Proctophyllodidae) parásitas de aves paseriformes espanolas (2 fig.). [Study of five species of feather mites genus Proctophyllodes Robin, 1877 (Acarina, Proctophyllodidae) parasitic on Spanish paseriform birds.] 6 pp. Bol. R. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. (Sec. Biol.) 90(1-4): 55-60.

 Roll F. C., 1871: Die Erscheinungen des Parasitismus. 17 pp. (in German). 

 Rosen D., 1966: Notes on the parasites of Acaudaleyrodes citri (Priesner Hosni (Hem.: Aleyrodidae) in Israel. 6 pp. 

 Rosen D., 1969: The parasites of coccids, aphids and aleyrodids on citrus in Israel: some zoogeographical considerations. 9 pp. Israel Journal Ent. 4(1): 45-53.

 Rossi W., Cesari M. G., 1976: Contributo alla conoscenza delle Laboulbeniali (Ascomycetes) parassite di Carabidi italiani (Insecta, Coleoptera). 9 pp. 

 Rubtsov I. A., 1953: Evkomis – effektivnyj parazit mjagkoj ložnoščitovki. 11 pp. 

 Rubtsov I. A., 1966: Mermisy (sem. Mermithidae), parazitirujuščie v moškach (sem. Simuliidae). Novye vidy roda Mesomermis Dad. 38 pp. 

 Rubtsov I. A., 1976: Mermithids (Nematoda. Merthidae) – parasites of insects from Mongolia. 19 pp. (in Russian). [80598] Nasekomye Mongolii 4: 596-614.

 Rubzov I. A., 1976: Mermitidy (Nematoda, Mermithidae) v zhigalkach (Diptera, Muscidae) Mongolii. 8 pp. [DIP 2983] Nasekomye Mongolii 4: 615-622.

 Rupp D., Zahn A., Ludwig P., 2004: Actual records of bat ectoparasites in Bavaria (Germany). 6 pp. Spixiana 27(2): 185-190.

 Sabrosky C. W., Usinger R. L., 1944: Nomenclature of the human malaria parasites. 3 pp. (in English). Science 100(2592): 190-192.

 Saeger H., 1942: Les Apanteles Hyménopteres, Braconides, parasites de Lépidopteres. 56 pp. 

 Salt G., 1964: The ichneumonid parasite Nemeritis canescens (Gravenhorst) in relation to the wax moth Galleria mellonella (L.). 14 pp. The Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London 116(1)

 Samuelson G. A., 1961: Strymon melinus on bear-grass, an ant symbiont, and parasites from rearings in Arizona. 2 pp. Pan-pacific entomologist 37(3): 189-190.

 Santhosh S., Narendran T. C., 2009: A new species of Goniozus Förster (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea: Bethylidae) from India, parasitizing Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner). 9 pp. Journal of the Entomological Research Society 11(1): 37-45.

 Santhosh S., Narendran T. C., 2009: A new species of Goniozus Förster (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea: Bethylidae) from India, parasitizing Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner). 9 pp. Journal of the Entomological Research Society 11(1): 37-45.

 Santis L. de, 1969: Calcidoideos Brasilenos parasitos de “Euselasia” (Hymenoptera y Lepidoptera). 7 pp. 

 Santis L., 1961: Dos nuevos parasitos de Tisanopteros de la Republica Argentina (Hymenoptera: Entedontidae). 9 pp. 

 Schaaf A. C., 1972: The parasitoid complex of Euxoa ochrogaster (Guenee) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). 39 pp. Quaestiones Entomologicae 8: 81-120.

 Schade M., Richter S., Sengonca C., 2000: Laboruntersuchungen zur Parasitierungsleistung von Pteromalus puparum L. 4 pp. (in German). Mitt. Dtsch. Ges. Allg. Agnew. Ent. 12: 161-164.

 Schäfer L., 1964: Mallophages de Hongrie et Oiseaux parasités (Nombreuses formes nouvelles pour la faune hongroise). 4 pp. 

 Schmidt E., 1935: Über einen Fall von Sekundärparasitismus: Eine Ophionine aus der Tachine des Erlenblattkäfers. 4 pp. 

 Schmidt H., 1956: Einige Bemerkungen über die Ersatzgeschlechtstiere von Reticulitermes. 2 pp. 

 Schmitz H., 1934: Eine neue paratisiche Phoride aus dem Mittelmeergebiet. Microselia rivierae n. g., n. sp. (Dipt.). 5 pp. 

 Scholz T., 1987: On the occurrence of endoparasitic helminths in perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) from the Mácha Lake fishpond system, Czechoslovakia. 18 pp. [80152] Acta Universitas Carolinae, biol. 1985(5-6): 301-318.

 Schwarz M., Boriani M., 1994: Redescription of Gelis longulus (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), a parasitoid of Ocnerostoma piniariellum (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae). 4 pp. 

 Shannon R. C., Greene C. T., 1926: A bot-fly parasitic in monkeys. 6 pp. 

 Sharkey M. J., 1987: Agathis thompsoni n. sp., a Nearctic species of Agathidinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) parasitic on Greya subalba (Braun) (Lepidoptera: Incurvariidae). 4 pp. Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 89(1): 47-50.

 Sharma A. K., Saxena J. D., Subba Rao B. R., 1966: A catalogue of the Hymenopterous and Dipterous parasites of Chilo zonellus (Swinhoe) (Crambidae: Lepidoptera). 33 pp. 

 Sharov A. A., 1983: The complex of parasites of Diprion pini L. (Hymenoptera, Diprionidae) in the Rostov province. 12 pp. (in Russian). Entomologitsheskoe obozrenie 62(2): 302-313.

 Sharov A. A., Izhevskij S. S., 1987: The complex of parasites of the gall webworm Hyphantria cunea Drury (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae) in the south of the european part of the USSR. 9 pp. (in Russian). Entomologitsheskoe obozrenie 66(2): 290-298.

 Shaw C. R., 1928: A study of the parasites of the digestive tract of thirty-five dogs. 8 pp. The Kansas University Science Bulletin 29(7): 491-498.

 Shaw M. R., Askew R. R., 1976: Ichneumonoidea (Hymenoptera) parasitic upon leaf-mining insects of the orders Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera and Coleoptera. 7 pp. 

 Shirai S., Maeto K., 2009: Suspending cocoons to evade ant predation in Meteorus pulchricornis, a braconid parasitoid of exposed-living lepidopteran larvae. 3 pp. Entomological Science 12(1): 107-109.

 Sierpinski Z., 1963: Copidosoma geniculatum (Dalm.) (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) – pasozyt skosnika tuzinka – Exoteleia dodecella L. (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae). 6 pp. 

 Simchuk P. A., 1988: Parasites of the potato moth Phthorimaea operculella Zeller (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) in the Crimea. 4 pp. (in Russian). Entomologitsheskoe obozrenie 67(3): 510-513.

 Simmonds F. J., 1955: Establishment of parasites of Diatraea saccharalis F. in Dominica (British West Indies) and Guadeloupe (French West Indies). 3 pp. 

 Skoracki M., Glowska E., Lontkowski J., Stawarczyk T., 2010: Picabia ictericus sp. n., an ectoparasite of two icterid bird species from Brazil (Acari: Prostigmata: Syringophilidae). 6 pp. Genus 21(1): 143-148.

 Smith K. G. V., 1978: Some remarkable Tachinid larvae (Diptera) parasitic in species of Apirocalus Pascoe (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in New Guinea. 4 pp. [M42] 

 Soo Hoo C. F., Seay R. S., 1972: Effects of parasitism by Voria ruralis on the feeding behavior of larvae of Trichoplusia ni. 4 pp. Israel Journal Ent. 7: 37-40.

 Stammer H. J., 1962: Protozoen und Würmer als Parasiten in Insekten. 20 pp. 

 Starý P., 1963: A study on the relationship of the Dactynotinae and their aphidiid parasites in Europe (Homoptera: Aphidoidea, Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae). 18 pp. [M36] Acta entomologica Musei nationalis Pragae 35: 593-610.

 Starý P., 1965: Aphidiid parasites of Aphids in the USSR (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae). 46 pp. [52167] Acta faunistica entomologica Musei nationalis Pragae 10(96): 187-227.

 Starý P., Remaudiere G., 1977: Some Aphid parasitoids (Hym., Aphidiidae) from nearctic America. 6 pp. (in English). [HYM 5094]  Annales de la Societe entomologique de France (N.S.) 13(4): 669-674.

 Suazo A., Pacheco D. P., Cave R. D., Frank J. H., 2006: Longevity and fecundity of Metamasius Quadrilineatus Champion (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae) on a natural bromeliad host in the laboratory. 7 pp. The Coleopterists Bulletin 60(3): 264-270.